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俗語有云「生不入官門」，但如果真的被警察拘捕了，警察要依照甚麼程序辦事，被捕的人又有甚麼權利和義務呢？這一節「長者法網智多聲」，就跟大家簡單的介紹一下。
大家可能知道，警察有權截停形跡可疑的人，檢查他們的身份證和問話，甚至是搜身，也知道外出時不攜帶身份證是犯法的，但大家又知不知道，警察向您發問，您可以選擇不回答的呢？因為法例訂明，所有人都有權不會被迫作出對自己不利的證供、或被迫認罪，這就是大家不時聽到的「緘默權」了。另外，如果警察要搜身，都只可以搜相同性別的人，即是說，「阿sir」只可以向男性搜身，女性就由「madam」搜身。
如果警察要拘捕一個人，也有一定程序的。首先，他要告訴這個人因甚麼事被捕。第二，警察必須要講出警誡詞，讓被捕的人知道自己有權保持緘默。警誡詞就是大家看電視時，經常聽到的這句對白了：「唔係事必要您講，除非您想講，但您所講的一切都會記錄下來，並可能成為呈堂證供。」第三，警察必須帶被捕的人到最就近的警署。這些都是被捕人士的權利。
到達警署之後，被捕的人應該可以在會面室的當眼位置，看到「羈留人士通知書」，上面列明被扣留人士的權利。根據通知書，被捕的人有權提出某些要求，例如要求警察讓他們通知親屬或朋友自己被扣留、索取律師名單、申請保釋、要求有食水和足夠食物或茶點，甚至是醫療協助等。如果情況許可，被捕的人還可以要求跟法律顧問私下溝通、以及與警方會面時，要有律師或大律師在場等。
那麼錄取口供時，又是否可以不回答問題呢？答案是可以的。跟查問一樣，警方在錄取口供之前，都要講警誡詞，讓被扣留的人知道自己有緘默權。至於回答了的，就會一字一句寫下來，成為會面紀錄或問話紀錄，即一般人所講的警誡供詞。
至於經常聽到的扣留48小時，又是甚麼來的？是這樣的，警察拘捕一個人之後，應該盡快將他帶到裁判法院提堂，一般來說是在48個小時之內。除非罪行嚴重或有其他充分理由，否則警方應該讓疑犯保釋。如果警方想延長扣留時間，就要向法院申請，被拘留的人也有權反對和申請保釋。
一般來說，如果警察是依法行動，市民應該合作，否則就可能是阻差辦公，是犯法的。但如果您覺得警察的行為不恰當，可以向投訴警察課投訴，詳情可以參考長者社區法網文字版。這一節就說到這裡，多謝大家收聽
PrintDetention of arrested persons
In general, the rights of a person under detention are set out in a document called “Notice to Persons in Custody”. This document should be prominently displayed inside any interview room of a police station. The police should also explain to the detained person the basic contents of this document before the interview, and should give a copy to the detained person. The detained person’s rights include:
- Requesting that the detained person’s relatives or a friend be informed of the detention;
- Asking for a list of solicitors;
- Asking to be released on bail;
- Being provided with drinking water upon request, adequate food and refreshment free of charge, as well as medical care if necessary;
Provided that there is no unreasonable delay or hindrance will likely be caused to the processes of investigation or the administration of justice, the following additional rights are available to a detained person:
- Communicating and consulting with a legal adviser in private;
- Communicate privately or refuse to communicate with a solicitor or barrister claiming to have been instructed by a third person on your behalf;
- Make telephone calls or email or faxes to friends or relatives;
- Have a solicitor or barrister present during any interview with the police;
- Be provided with a supply of writing materials;
- Request to have letters posted or delivered as soon as practicable at the detainee’s expense;
- Be supplied with a copy of cautioned statements or questions and answers under caution as soon as practicable after the interview, if not the detainee can refuse to answer subsequent questions;
- Request to be provided with food/refreshment at the detainee’s own expense.